Shift Types

Central to the TEF is a robust Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive (MECE) categori- zation, clearly defining each Activity Shift within exactly one of six categories.

Type Shift

Substituting one activity entirely with another (e.g., private cars → public transit).

Resource Shift

Substituting energy or material inputs (e.g., fossil fuels → renewable electricity).

Utilisation Shift

Reducing the frequency or intensity of activities (e.g., fewer or shared trips).

Work Efficiency Shift

Improving the efficiency of converting inputs into outcomes (e.g., better insulation).

Resource Efficiency Shift

Reducing resources per unit of outcome (e.g., higher fuel efficiency).

Carbon Shift

Enhancing sequestration or carbon capture (e.g., reforestation, carbon storage).